Ferrari Dino

Dino was a marque for mid-engined, rear-drive sports cars produced by Ferrari from 1968 to 1976. Used for models with engines with fewer than 12 cylinders, it was an attempt by the company to offer a relatively low-cost sports car. The Ferrari name remained reserved for its premium V-12 and flat 12 models until 1976, when "Dino" was retired in favour of full Ferrari branding.

Named to honour Ferrari founder Enzo Ferrari's son and heir Dino Ferrari, the Dino models used Ferrari racing naming designation of displacement and cylinder count with two digits for the size of the engine in deciliters and the third digit to represent the number of cylinders, i.e. 246 being a 2.4-litre 6-cylinder and 308 being a 3.0-litre 8-cylinder. Ferrari street models of the time used a three-digit representation of the displacement in cubic centimeters of one of the 12 cylinders, which would have been meaningless in a brand with differing numbers of cylinders.

Mercedes-Benz 300 SL

The Mercedes-Benz 300 SL (W198) was the first iteration of the SL-Class grand tourer and fastest production car of its day. Introduced in 1954 as a two-seat coupé with distinctive gull-wing doors, it was later offered as an open roadster.

Built by Daimler-Benz AG, the direct fuel injected production model was based on the company's highly successful yet somewhat less powerful carbureted overhead camstraight 6 1952 racer, the W194.

The idea of a toned-down Gran Prix car tailored to affluent performance enthusiasts in the booming post-war American market was suggested by Max Hoffman. Mercedes accepted the gamble and the new 300 SL – 300 for its 3.0 litre engine displacement and SL for Sport Leicht (Sport Light) – was introduced at the 1954 New York Auto Show rather than the Frankfurt or Geneva gatherings company models made their usual debuts.

Immediately successful and today iconic, the 300 SL stood alone with its distinctive doors, first-ever production fuel injection, and world's fastest top speed. The original coupé was available from March 1955 to 1957, the roadster from 1957 to 1963.

A smaller, slightly heavier, less luxurious and much cheaper 1.9 liter roadster using the Ponton class 4-cylinder engine was introduced in 1955 as the 190 SL. Both the 300 SL and the 190 SL were followed in the Mercedes line by the 230SL. Today's 426 kW; 579 PS (571 hp), nearly 320 km/h (200 mph), gull-winged Mercedes-Benz SLS AMGis regarded as the 300 SL's spiritual successor.

Lamborghini Miura

The Lamborghini Miura is a sports car produced by Italian automaker Lamborghini between 1966 and 1973. The car pioneered the mid-engined two-seat layout, the standard for high-performance sports and supercars since. When released, it was the fastest production road car made.

The Miura was originally conceived by Lamborghini's engineering team, which designed the car in its spare time against the wishes of company founder Ferruccio Lamborghini, who preferred powerful yet sedate grand touring cars over the race car-derived machines produced by local rival Ferrari.

The Miura's rolling chassis was presented at the 1965 Turin auto show, and the prototype P400 debuted at the 1966 Geneva show. It received stellar receptions from showgoers and the motoring press alike, each impressed by Marcello Gandini's sleek styling and the car's revolutionary mid-engine design.

Lamborghini's flagship, the Miura received periodic updates and remained in production until 1973. A year later the extreme Countach entered the automaker's lineup, amid tumultuous financial times for the company.

BMW's Isetta

After purchasing the license and tooling to build the Isetta, BMW would end up re-engineering the car extensively from 1955 to 1962, to the point that parts from an Iso car were not directly interchangeable with that of a BMW. One of the re-engineering was the powerplant around a BMW one-cylinder, four-stroke, 247 cc motorcycle engine which generated 10 kW (13 hp).This resulted in close to 162,000 vehicles being produced, and the world falling in love with one of the best known microcars of its time. The first BMW Isetta appeared in April 1955.
BMW made 3 Isetta models; BMW Isetta 250,300 and, 600.
Nowdays, BMW Isettas can be found mostly in museums all around the world. Only some Isettas remain buzzing in city streets around the world. People nowdays embrace the beauty of the small classic city car. There’s a reason for all the looks: they don’t make compact city cars this classy anymore.
However, the Isetta was never built to define ‘class’. Instead, it was meant to be the solution to low-cost transportation in the post war-era for thousands of people. Although this car wears the badge of BMW, it is important to remember that the roots of this iconic machine come from the Italian scooter and refrigerator company Iso SpA that initially unveiled the Isetta to the world in 1953. But after two years of slow sales (and despite entering it into races like the Mille Miglia), Iso began to license the designs of the Isetta in 1955—and finally see success.
Around town, its popularity as a mode of transport becomes easier to understand. It’s equipped with a single door and all the essentials: a canvas sunroof and a simple approach to motoring. The microcar is also a remarkably flexible machine that could almost be seen as an extension of yourself with wheels. Measuring a mere 90″ in length and 55″ width, it’s safe to say the Isetta manoeuvres with ease. Adding to its user friendliness, the Isetta is also perfectly capable of being parked with its door facing the footpath, allowing the occupants to step straight out onto a sidewalk.

Ferrari 488

The Ferrari 488 is a twin turbo 3.9 liter v8 derived from the one first used in the California two years earlier. 

It makes for sizeable gains in peak power and torque relative to the atmosphoric  v8 in the 458 Italia and delivers the required improvement in fuel economy and reduced emissions.

The logic of the car’s nomenclature is also new. The 488’s predecessors have flip-flopped between different rationales for their numerical identities since departing from the one that seemed to make the most sense: the first two digits of the name representing engine size and the last the number of cylinders, hence 308, 328 and 348.

Ferrari departed from that logic with the F355 but returned to it with the 458 Italia. And now it has departed once more, choosing ‘unitary displacement’ (or volume of one cylinder) to define a model name, as it once did with its V12 cars.

Perhaps this car should be called 398 GTB, with an extra character allowed somewhere to represent those turbos.

But Ferrari has rarely replaced one of its cars with another of lesser apparent numerical ‘value’ and credited its customers with the intelligence necessary to understand that less may be more, as seems to be the case with this downsized 488.

YouTube Car Channels Recomendation

Sometimes, we want to to watch YouTube videos on cars, whether it's for entertainment, knowledge or etc. So here is my top 5 recommendation of YouTube car channels.

1. Mighty Car Mods
2. CarThrottle
3. EngineeringExplained
4. /DRIVE
5. Petrolicious

What is a Turbocharger?

What is a turbocharger/turbo? A turbocharger, or turbo, is a turbine-driven forced induction device. It increases an internal combustion engine's efficiency and power output by forcing extra air into the combustion chamber. This improvement over a naturally aspirated (N/A) engine's power output is due to the fact that the compressor can force more air and proportionately more fuel into the combustion chamber than atmospheric pressure (ram air intakes) alone.
Back then, turbochargers were originally known as turbosuperchargers when all forced induction devices were classified as superchargers. Nowadays the term "supercharger" is usually applied only to mechanically driven forced induction devices.
The main difference between a turbocharger and a supercharger is that a supercharger is mechanically driven by the engine, often through a belt connected to the crankshaft. However, a turbocharger is powered by a turbine driven by the engine's exhaust gas. Compared to a mechanically driven supercharger, turbochargers tend to be more efficient, but less responsive. 
Turbochargers are commonly used on truck, car, train, aircraft, and construction equipment engines. They are most often used with Otto cycle and Diesel cycle internal combustion engines.
Example of turbocharger brand/manufacturer: Honeywell's Garret Turbo, BorgWarner Turbo System, Cummins Turbo Technology, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, etc.

How a Turbocharger Works

Mitsubishi's Ralliart

What is Ralliart? It is the division of Mitsubishi Motors. More specifically, it is the high-performance and motorsport of Mitsubishi Motors. Basically, it is Toyota Racing Development (TRD) or Subaru Tecnica International (STI) of Mitsubishi Motors. Ralliart is responsible for development and preparation of the company's Rally racing and off-road racing vehicles, as well as the development of high-performance models and parts available to the public. Ralliart scaled down its business activities in April 2010, though the brand will continue to be used by Mitsubishi.

Ralliart was founded in April 1984 by Andrew Cowan and Doug Stewart. Mitsubishi continues to use the Ralliart name both to sell aftermarket components and as a "halo" brand for higher-performance editions of many of its models such as Lancer Evo. Many of the regional licensees continue to operate. Ralliart Italy prepares Mitsubishi rally cars for Armindo Araujo and the Pirelli Star Drivers in the Production World Rally Championship also known as PWRC. Ralliart China hold the brand rights for the China territory. Their head office is in Hong Kong but has facilities in different cities within China. They construct competition vehicles to be used in the China Rally Championship and China Cross Country Rally Championship, sell competition parts, manage teams and offer technical consultancy to its clients.

The Toyota FJ40

The Toyota FJ40 (a.k.a. Toyota Bandeirante, Toyota Macho, or Toyota Hardtop) is the model designation for a Toyota Land Cruiser 40 series made from 1960 until 1984. Most 40 series Land Cruisers were built as 2-door SUVs with slightly larger dimensions than a Jeep CJ.

The car is known to be built to be rugged, long-lasting, dependable, and easy-to-repair, the Toyota FJ40 has earned a reputation for being one of the world’s best vehicles for going off-road, anywhere, any time. 

While not legal in some countries, most J40 series vehicles could have their roof and doors removed. With a folding windshield this allowed for complete open-air experience.

The J40 Series also featured folding jump seats behind the passenger and drivers seats. These folding seats not only made carrying another 2 passengers possible, but also allowed for maximum cargo space, as opposed to the folding rear seat in the Jeep CJ series.

Original factory winches were driven directly from the transfer case (known as P.T.O. or power take off) powered by the engine. Later models had an optional electric winch.

Petrolicious' Youtube video about FJ40

Bali's Classic Car Culture

Bali is a tiny island in Indonesia. It is known for its diverse traditional culture. However, the tiny island is not exactly internationally renown for its car culture, but that doesn’t mean it’s not there. Last year, I  spent a week exploring the island and was pleased to find a handful of vintage Volkswagen, a pocket of Toyota FJ40s, and a many other interesting classic friends.

Like many of Asian developing, and even developed nations, cars are taxed exponentially in Bali, making them a significant luxury good. Owners can expect to pay upwards of 300% tax on everything they drive. I’m simply fascinated by the passion it would take to overcome such hurdles to car ownership, unsurprisingly it leads to people being extremely proud of their automobiles.

I spoke to several classic car owners, from young people to old people. They shared many interesting stories about them and their cars. They told me how they love and be proud of their classic cars.

If you have some information, to tell and share, feel free to jump into comment down below.